How Does CBD Affect Pain?

Jason Wilson, MS • Aug 25, 2022

All of us are familiar with pain, but some of us cannot seem to get away from it. Whether due to trauma, arthritis, neurodegenerative disease, or some other condition, chronic pain affects nearly one fifth of the U.S. population. That equates to approximately 50 million people nationwide that are living with day-to-day pain. (CDC, 2018)


It can be challenging to get through each day when your body does not feel up to performing even basic day-to-day tasks. The therapies available to treat chronic pain can be a mixed bag. Physical therapy is one option, which involves moving the body in particular ways to build or stretch particular muscles to help alleviate pain. Additionally, physical therapies like exercise or even yoga, can sometimes help free pinched nerves or loosen up rigid joints. But much of the time, physical therapy is not enough. What can we do then?

Pharmaceutical interventions for pain include the use of things like pain killers, muscle relaxers, and antidepressants. However, many of these drugs can carry significant side effects and may become addictive. Additionally, continual use of some of these drugs can cause other health problems, such as liver damage.


There are also more invasive techniques to alleviate pain, such as nerve blocks or Botox injections. In severe cases, surgery can sometimes be performed to attempt to fix the source of the pain. But what if these therapies are inadequate and you’re still suffering from pain. 


Could products containing CBD be a potential solution?

What is Pain?

Pain is a bit tricky to study scientifically because it is in one sense a subjective experience, and there are different types of pain. When we talk about whether something might be effective in treating pain, it is important to acknowledge what kind of pain we are referring to, whether it be muscle pain, nerve pain, or inflammatory pain, for instance. But even when we are on the same page in regard to the type of pain we may be trying to treat – there is the subjectivity problem. If we measured the brain signaling patterns to try and determine how much pain someone is in, we can be quite wrong. How pain feels and how it appears on brain scans or other medical tests can be discordant.

Modulation of Pain Signaling in the Brain

The brain produces several chemicals which influence the activity of neurons – either “exciting” them or “inhibiting” their activity. The compound glutamate is thought of as an “excitatory” neurotransmitter, responsible for encouraging more signaling in the brain, whereas the compound GABA is known as an “inhibitory” neurotransmitter, often associated with rest and calm. By influencing these two compounds in the brain, it can be possible to essentially manipulate the “volume” of neurons in the brain.  This can be particularly important for people who experience neuropathic pain, or nerve pain. By essentially telling the brain to signal less and quiet down, the intensity of pain can be turned down. This won’t necessarily make the pain go away, like a pain killer, but it may make the pain more tolerable and less intrusive. The good news is that CBD has exhibited activity on these neurotransmitters, and through a variety of mechanisms, at certain doses CBD may be able to encourage more GABA, and less glutamate – ultimately turning that pain volume down. (Pretzsch, 2019)

Modulating Inflammation

Cannabinoids are well known as potent anti-inflammatory compounds, and CBD is no exception. While CBD has the potential to reduce the activity of pro-inflammatory signaling compounds in the body, it also directly interacts with different chemical receptors, like the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) channels, that are involved in the relationship between inflammation and pain. TRPV receptors often tell your body information about sensations like temperature and pressure – each of which relate to the sensation of pain. As inflammation takes place in the body, the inflammatory response manipulates these kinds of receptors and causes feelings of tight pressure or swelling, heat, and nerve sensations.


Distraction

Pain is often also associated with depression, anxiety and inflammation. All of these things are interconnected, and by affecting one, you may be able to affect the others. When a person is anxious or depressed, they are more likely to feel pain more acutely than if they were happy or calm. CBD has exhibited promise in some human clinical trials as a method for relieving anxiety. (Shannon, 2019) Additionally, if CBD is present alongside THC (the cannabinoid responsible for intoxicating effects), it can be possible to not only relieve anxiety, but to help a person forget. This idea of calming and distracting can be a very effective tool for reducing the perceived intensity of pain.


Gut Health

Another way that CBD and other cannabinoids may influence pain is by affecting the gut microbiome and the expression of cannabinoid receptors in the gut. (Rousseaux, Thuru, Gelot, 2007) In recent years, it has been established that the gut microbiome is connected to the functioning of part of the nervous system responsible for visceral responses. By affecting the health of the gut, we may be able to then affect pain. However, research into this area is still very new, so we will have to wait to see what researchers learn about this fascinating new field of study.


While much of the human clinical research examining CBD’s effects on pain is often a bit clouded with the inclusion of THC, there are numerous rodent studies and other types of research that indicate that CBD may be effective at relieving pain through a variety of mechanisms. CBD may directly alter pain signaling in the brain by “turning down the volume” of the pain. CBD may also reduce inflammation which can relieve the nerves and reduce stress on various parts of the body – ultimately lessening the pain response. Finally, CBD may also be useful in improving one’s mental outlook, which has a direct impact on the subjective experience of pain.



Jason is a science educator and natural products researcher living in Southern Oregon. He is the author of Curious About Cannabis: A Scientific Introduction to a Controversial Plant and is the host of the Curious About Cannabis Podcast. Curious About Cannabis is a learning initiative by Natural Learning Enterprises, a mission-driven company dedicated to enhancing critical thinking skills and scientific literacy about the natural world.


1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/pdfs/mm6736a2-H.pdf. 2018

2. Boyaji S, et al. The role of cannabidiol (CBD) in chronic pain management: an assessment of current evidence. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2020. 24:4.

3. Jorge, L. L., Feres, C. C., & Teles, V. E. Topical preparations for pain relief: efficacy and patient adherence. Journal of pain research. 2010. 4, 11–24.

4. Pretzsch CM et al. Effects of cannabidiol on brain excitation and inhibition systems; a randomized placebo-controlled single dose trial during magnetic resonance spectroscopy in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019. 44: 1398-1405.

5. USPTO US6630507B1; https://patents.google.com/patent/US6630507B1/en

6. How CBD Works by Project CBD: https://www.projectcbd.org/science/how-cbd-works

7. Shannon S et al. Cannabidiol in anxiety and sleep: a large case series. Perm J. 2019. 23:18-041.

8. Rousseaux C, Thuru X, Gelot A, et al. Lactobacillus acidophilus modulates intestinal pain and induces opioid and cannabinoid receptors. Nat Med. 2007 Jan;13(1):35-7.

27 Apr, 2024
Don Larson's path to founding Sunshine Nut Company was marked by a deep sense of purpose and a desire to make a tangible difference in the world. With a successful 25-year career in the corporate food industry, including a stint as Director of Cocoa Operations at Hershey, Don had ample experience navigating the complexities of the food business. However, it was his encounters with extreme poverty during his travels to developing nations that stirred something profound within him. Driven by a calling to address the root causes of poverty and empower vulnerable communities, Don embarked on a spiritual journey in 2007 to seek clarity on his life's purpose. It was during this period of introspection that he received a clear directive: "Go and build food factories in developing nations to bring lasting economic transformation." Inspired by this revelation, Don developed the Sunshine Approach business model, centered on holistic community development and economic empowerment. In 2011, Don and his family made a bold move, relocating to Mozambique to establish Sunshine Nut Co. Their mission was twofold: to produce premium cashew nuts and to uplift the local community. Mozambique, with its abundant cashew resources and resilient spirit, provided the ideal backdrop for their endeavors.
27 Apr, 2024
Bodyceuticals started over 20 years ago on a beautiful Snoqualmie Valley farm owned by the Saffle family. This region of Western Washington is part of the Cascade mountain range, and it is a remnant of an oceanic plate volcano. The resulting mineral rich, fertile soil made it an ideal place for the Saffles to farm their beloved nutrient-dense calendula flowers. Bodyceuticals is now proudly owned and operated by the Herrera family in Santa Maria, California. The family carries on the tradition of high-quality Calendula skincare, still sourcing from only USDA Certified Organic Farms and certified Bee Friendly gardens. The Herreras also proudly work alongside the original founder and uphold high standards for their family, their community and the greater environment.
27 Apr, 2024
Davids is high performing natural oral care, that works. Our high-performance formulas use naturally sourced & derived ingredients to effectively whiten teeth, fight plaque, & freshen breath.  Whitening Davids uses premium micro abrasives made from natural sandstone and quartz powder to polish the surface stains from teeth and naturally whiten without the use of chemicals. More importantly, these micro abrasives safely polish away the plaque on teeth. You know that feeling of smooth plaque free teeth after going to the dentist for a cleaning…. this is the feeling you get each time when brushing with Davids! The number one thing that causes cavities is plaque, Davids is formulated to be an antiplaque toothpaste. In order to effectively remove plaque, there needs to be a certain level of abrasiveness.... not too abrasive, and not under abrasive. The American Dental Association (ADA) has developed a rating system where they recommend that toothpaste not have an RDA rating above 200 to be safe for the teeth. Any toothpaste under 200 is generally considered safe for daily brushing and not overly abrasive. Davids is in the range of 100 RDA, so is in the sweet spot of being safe for your teeth, but abrasive enough to remove the plaque. Enamel Health Davids sensitive+Whitening toothpaste is the best nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste to repair sensitive teeth and remineralize enamel. Hydroxyapatite is a natural mineral that makes up 97% of tooth enamel. Nano-hydroxyapatite has been added to Davids toothpaste to repair the tubules and block the passageways to the nerves. Nano-hydroxyapatite was first developed by NASA to help repair and strengthen the teeth of astronauts returning from zero-gravity environments, and we are proud to make this same modern science available in our Davids Sensitive+Whitening Nano-Hydroxyapatite toothpaste. This high-performance, fluoride free toothpaste takes a revolutionary approach to relieving sensitive teeth. With its unique ability to bind to enamel and smooth out micro-imperfections, nano-hydroxyapatite actively works to repair the enamel and block the nerve passageways to relieve tooth sensitivity. With all the benefits of the original Davids Natural Toothpaste, plus the regenerative and remineralizing powers of nano-hydroxyapatite, regular brushing with Davids Sensitive+Whitening Nano-Hydroxyapatite toothpaste leaves your mouth feeling relieved from pain, enamel smooth and restored, and teeth naturally white and clean.
By Dr. Tori Hudson 27 Apr, 2024
There has been much talk about resilience over the last few years. Resilience can be defined briefly as: ‘capable of withstanding shock without permanent deformation or rupture’ or ‘tending to recover from or adjust easily to misfortune or change’. I am mindful that many people, cultures and societies have faced the challenge of being resilient under conditions more dire than ours. These historical challenges may have also lasted for much longer periods of time and may have been even more consequential to their lives. Wars, famine, violence, poverty, imprisonment, abuse, neglect, hatred and prejudice all inflict a toll. Depending on the duration or severity of the circumstances, resilience can run thin or just plain run out. When we look at our current circumstances through this lens, it is encouraging to know that we have tools from nature that have the potential to help immensely with our day-to-day challenges. These tools from nature are a class of herbs known as adaptogens, and the right herbs can go a long way in helping us be more resilient and to bounce back more easily from the stresses of our modern lives. Adaptogens are herbal medicines that work to counteract the actions of stress in the body. By counteracting stress, its negative effects in the body can be lessened or averted. Stress can impact the neurological, psychological, endocrine and immune systems. Adaptogens work by helping the body to maintain balance, or homeostasis. It is thought that they work through the hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal glands.
27 Apr, 2024
Our vision, the cornerstone of how we experience the world, is challenged in today's technology-driven society. Research suggests a profound deterioration in vision in recent years, particularly among young people. In fact, a study by the Singapore National Eye Institute (SNEI) found that myopia, or nearsightedness, has increased significantly in recent decades, affecting nearly 90% of students by the age of 17. Another study in California found an increase of 56% in the last decade of students having developed myopia.
27 Apr, 2024
These plants have a long history of traditional use for various health purposes, but it's important to consult with a knowledgeable herbalist or healthcare professional before using them medicinally, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking medications. 1. Salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis): Known for its delicious berries, salmonberry leaves are used traditionally for making teas to alleviate diarrhea and aid digestion. If you can catch the plants sprouting in early spring, the peeled young shoots make a tender, asparagus-like vegetable called 'bear candy' by Salish tribes. 2. Devil's Club (Oplopanax horridus): This spiny shrub's roots and inner bark are utilized in traditional Native American medicine for various purposes, including inflamed joints and respiratory ailments. 3. Oregon Grape (Mahonia aquifolium): Its roots contain berberine, a compound with antimicrobial properties, making it valuable for addressing issues like digestive discomfort and skin conditions. 4. Licorice Fern (Polypodium glycyrrhiza): The rhizomes of this fern have a sweet taste reminiscent of licorice. They have been historically used by indigenous peoples for treating coughs and sore throats. 5. Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica): Despite its sting, stinging nettle is prized for its medicinal properties and as a rich source of vitamins and minerals. 6. Red Alder (Alnus rubra): The bark of red alder contains tannins that have astringent properties, making it useful for treating minor wounds and skin irritations. 7. Red Elderberry (Sambucus racemosa): While its berries are toxic when raw, red elderberry has been traditionally used by indigenous peoples for treating a variety of ailments, including colds, flu, and inflammation, after proper preparation. 8. Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii): The Spring tips of Douglas fir needles are rich in vitamin C and can be made into a soothing tea that's used for respiratory congestion and as a general tonic. 9. Wild Ginger (Asarum caudatum): Wild ginger has a spicy aroma and is used in traditional medicine for its digestive and antiinflammatory properties. It's often brewed into a tea or used topically.
By Eduardo Sztokbant, Associate Pranic Healer 27 Apr, 2024
I discovered Pranic Healing by chance, more than nine years ago in Brazil, where I’m originally from. As a successful software engineer for more than two decades, I had always been very skeptical about anything that was not palpable or fully endorsed by western science. After stumbling upon an article featuring a Harvard study on the benefits of meditation, I decided I had to give it a try. So, I reached out to this genius childhood friend of mine who simply told me to take a Pranic Healing Level 1 class, and my journey began. I registered without thinking and barely read what the class was about, so I had no idea what to expect of this weekend long work-shop. Perhaps some new age, handholding, “let’s get together and feel all right” kind of thing? It couldn’t be farther from that! In a Pranic Healing class the human energy anatomy is taught very methodically and with a high level of detail. We learn about the 11 major chakras (energy centers), their physical and psychological functions, plus practical and powerful no-touch hand movements to remove energy blockages and improve the quality of the energy flowing through a person’s body. Ultimately, a Pranic Healing session can lead to an accelerated rate of self-healing, substantially improving the quality of one’s health, both physically and emotionally. As cool as this may sound, my engineer’s mind instantly rejected it all. I even considered not returning for the second day of class, but there was something inside telling me to “finish what I had started”. Besides, on the second day we would learn the Meditation on Twin Hearts, my main goal from the very beginning.
26 Apr, 2024
Chronic and excessive stress can build over time and become harder for our bodies to adapt and cope. While men and women share many of the same stresses, studies show that women are more affected by high levels of stress than men. The most common symptoms of stress women experience are fatigue, irritability, sleep issues, lack of motivation, digestive challenges and nervousness. In addition, there are life experiences unique to women that bring their own set of stresses – namely pregnancy and motherhood. Let’s take a look at some effective traditional and modern remedies compounded by Redd*: Lactium® This patented, clinically studied ingredient is a unique bioactive peptide called α-casozepine. Peptides are short chains of amino acids. This particular peptide is also made naturally in babies tummies and creates that blissful peace babies experience when nursing. Lactium® has been clinically studied and proven to reduce perceived stress in women and promote restful sleep which improves women’s quality of life. Lactium® is a mom’s ally in any stressful situation. * Ginger Root Historically, Ginger Root has been cultivated and used in Traditional Chinese Herbalism and Ayurveda for over 5,000 years to support healthy blood flow to the limbs and support a calm, healthy digestive system.* Lemon Balm Lemon Balm has safely been used for centuries to support digestive health and emotional wellness. Traditionally, it has been used to soothe occasional restlessness, irritability, and nervousness.* B Vitamins B Vitamins play an important role in the production and regulation of our neurotransmitters, which play a role in promoting a positive mood for women and for pregnant moms, they are also important for a baby’s development.*
26 Apr, 2024
In today's fast-paced world, the pursuit of holistic wellness encompasses not only physical health but also mental and emotional wellbeing. Emerging research underscores the profound impact of diet on mental and emotional health, highlighting the interconnectedness of what we eat and how we feel. As we look into this intricate relationship, a deeper understanding emerges, revealing how the foods we consume can serve as powerful allies in nurturing both our minds and bodies.
More Posts
Share by: